@InProceedings{GuptaWanGiaBisJen:2022:EvDeCo,
               author = "Gupta, Siddhant and Wang, Di{\'e} and Giangrande, Scott E. and 
                         Biscaro, Thiago Souza and Jensen, Michael P.",
          affiliation = "{Brookhaven National Laboratory} and {Brookhaven National 
                         Laboratory} and {Brookhaven National Laboratory} and {Instituto 
                         Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE)} and {Brookhaven National 
                         Laboratory}",
                title = "The Evolution of Deep Convective Cloud Kinematic Properties over 
                         the Amazon Rainforest with Cloud Lifetime",
                 year = "2022",
         organization = "AGU Fall Meeting",
            publisher = "AGU",
             abstract = "Deep convective clouds (DCCs) redistribute energy and moisture in 
                         Earths atmosphere and routinely constitute hazardous weather 
                         events. The occurrence and intensity of DCCs largely depend on 
                         environmental and aerosol conditions but the aerosol controls 
                         remain uncertain due to inconclusive results from modeling studies 
                         which suggest aerosols can either invigorate or enervate deep 
                         convection. In this study, the uncertainty in aerosol impacts on 
                         DCCs is addressed using observations of key convective properties 
                         such as updraft strength at different DCC life cycle stages. The 
                         Amazon basin features biogenic and anthropogenic aerosols with 
                         frequent convective activity. Radiative effects and precipitation 
                         associated with DCCs over the Amazon basin affect global 
                         circulation and water cycle. The Atmospheric Radiation Measurement 
                         (ARM) Mobile Facility was deployed 70 km from Manaus, Brazil, 
                         during the Green Ocean Amazon (GoAmazon 2014/5, MAO) experiment, 
                         an area covered by the Sistema de Prote{\c{c}}{\~a}o da 
                         Amaz{\^o}nia Manaus S-band radar. Unique vertical velocity (w) 
                         estimates from the ARM Radar Wind Profiler (RWP) at the MAO site 
                         were used to gain insights into DCC kinematic properties. DCC life 
                         cycle stages were identified by tracking convective cells in a 
                         Lagrangian framework using the 2 km S-band radar reflectivity (Z) 
                         and the Tracking and Object-Based Analysis of Clouds algorithm 
                         (tobac). Precipitation associated with isolated DCCs was observed 
                         on 76 days and 745 cells initiated and/or passed within 20 km of 
                         the MAO site during their lifetime. The average Z and cell area 
                         (A) increased from 41.6 dBZ and 44.3 km2 during the cell 
                         developing stage to 44.2 dBZ and 106 km2 during the mature stage 
                         and decreased to 38.9 dBZ and 81.4 km2 during cell dissipation. 
                         Based on Z and w profiles from the RWP, the developing stage had 
                         the highest Z and the strongest updrafts at lower- and mid-levels 
                         followed by the mature stage. The mature stage had the strongest 
                         updrafts at higher levels and downdrafts compensating for the 
                         upward motion. The dissipation stage had the weakest updrafts and 
                         downdrafts over the profile. On average, cell propagation speed 
                         (u) increased from 6.3 to 7.3 m s-1 over cell lifetime. The dry 
                         season had more intense, faster moving, and larger DCCs compared 
                         to the wet season with up to 10%, 20%, and 37% higher Z, u, and A, 
                         respectively.",
  conference-location = "Chicago, IL",
      conference-year = "12-16 Dec. 2022",
        urlaccessdate = "28 abr. 2024"
}